Virudhunagar

Monday, 31 March 2025

State District Profile
Virudhunagar

State District profile

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Virudhunagar District Profile

Virudhunagar district is located in the South Western part of Tamil Nadu bounded by Ramanathapuram district in the East, Kerala State in the West, Madurai, Theni districts in the North and Tirunelveli and Thoothukkudi Districts in the South.
The District lies between 9º12'N to 9º47'N Latitude, 77º 23'E to 78º 25'E Longitude and has an areal extent of 4283 sq.km.

Physiography and Drainage:

The District is divided into two distinct regions (viz) (i) the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats in Srivilliputhur and Rajapalayam taluks with undulations and (ii) eastern plains.
The Western Ghats occur as a series of parallel ridges running in a NE – SW directions and the eastern plain region is a flat terrain with isolated hillocks around Aruppukottai and Sattur.
The area falls in two major river basins namely Vaippar and Gundar.
River Vaippar originates from the Echamalai Mottai near Sivagiri in Tirunelveli District and flows in the easterly and south easterly direction before it debouches into Gulf of Mannar.
The river has a number of tributaries of which Arjuna Nadi is an important one.

Rainfall:

The average annual rainfall and the 5 years rainfall collected from IMD, Chennai is as follows:

Actual Rainfall in mm					Normal Rainfall in mm
2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	Normal Rainfall in mm
800.0	759.5	713.7	855.0	968.4	985

Geology:

Rock Type			Geological Formation
Hard Rock 90% Sedimentary Rock 10%			Gneiss, Charnockite, Quatrzite, Pegamatite, Laterite, Sandstone and Alluvium

Ground Water Level:

The Ground Water levels from the 60 number of observation wells of TWAD have been analysed for Post-Monsoon and Pre-Monsoon. 5 years average Ground water level in m Below Ground Level for pre and post monsoon is as follows:

5 years average Ground water level in m Below Ground Level for pre and post monsoon is as follows:

Jan 2017	May 2017	Jan 2018	May 2018	Jan 2019	May 2019	Jan 2020	May 2020	Jan 2021	May 2021	5 Years Pre Monsoon Average	5Years Post Monsoon Average
10.8	11.5	5.0	10.4	5.3	8.2	5.2	9.6	4.3	7.6	8.2	5.3

Sustainability:

With a view to enhance the Sustainability of the drinking water sources, recharge structures are being implemented by TWAD Board under various State and Central Government assistances.

The Recharge Structures implemented so far in district is as under.

Recharge Structures
Check Dam	Percolation Pond	Recharge Pit	Recharge Trench	Others	Ooranies	Defunct Bore well Recharge	Recharge Shaft	Rooftop RWH	Hydro Fracturing	Total
358					18					376

Categorization of Firkas:

The status of Categorization of firkas as of March 2020 for the District in is shown below.

Categorisation based on Extraction(as on 2020)	No. of Firkas	Firkas
Over Exploited (>100%)	5	Cholapuram, Keelarajakularaman, Nathampatti, Pillaiyarkulam, Vembakottai
Critical (90%-100%)	5	Amathur, Alangulam, Mallankinar, Mangalam, Vatchakara-Patti,
Semi Critical (70%-90%)	10	Elayirampannai, Iyankollankondan, Kottaiyur, Malli, Ondipulinaickanur, Rajapalayam, Salwarpatti, Sivakasi, Srivilliputtur, Watrap
Safe (<70%)	19	A.Mukkulam, Aruppukottai, Kalkuruchi, Kariapatti, Mandapasalai, Mudukkankulam, Nalli, Narikudi, Nenmeni, Padanthal, Palayamapatti, Pandalkudi, Paralatchi, Sattur, Seithur, Thiruchuli, Thiruthangal, Veeracholan, Virudhunagar
Others (Poor & Saline)	0
Total	39

Rural Habitations

Total No. of Rural Habitations: 1760

Partially covered	1335(10-39 lpcd )
Fully covered	425(40 lpcd and above)

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